Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

What artery is typically associated with Wallenberg syndrome?

1. Middle cerebral artery

2. PICA

3. Anterior cerebral artery

4. Vertebral artery

The correct answer is: PICA

Wallenberg syndrome, also known as lateral medullary syndrome, is primarily associated with ischemia in the region supplied by the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). This syndrome results from the occlusion of this artery, which leads to characteristic symptoms due to damage in the lateral aspect of the medulla oblongata. The involvement of PICA affects various neurological pathways, resulting in symptoms such as loss of pain and temperature sensation on the opposite side of the body, ataxia, vertigo, and dysphagia. Understanding the role of PICA is crucial when considering the vascular territories and the clinical implications of its occlusion. While other arteries listed, such as the middle cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery, supply different brain regions and can lead to various syndromes when occluded, they are not directly linked to the symptoms and features of Wallenberg syndrome. Hence, recognizing the specific arterial involvement in this neurological condition is key for accurate diagnosis and treatment.