Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

What condition is associated with an increased risk of stroke when taking oral contraceptive pills (OCP)?

1. Deep vein thrombosis

2. Hypertension

3. Migraine with aura

4. Atrial fibrillation

The correct answer is: Migraine with aura

Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) are known to increase the risk of stroke in certain individuals, particularly those with specific pre-existing conditions. Migraine with aura is particularly significant because it has been associated with vascular changes that may predispose individuals to stroke. Women who experience migraines with aura can have transient neurological symptoms that reflect an increased risk of cerebrovascular accidents when combined with the hormonal changes from OCPs. In this context, the presence of migraines with aura indicates a higher possibility of ischemic attacks due to the associated thromboembolic risk. The hormonal components in OCPs can exacerbate this condition by promoting clot formation or impacting vascular regulation, thereby heightening stroke risk. While deep vein thrombosis and hypertension are also associated with an increased risk for stroke, their relationship with COCs (combined oral contraceptives) differs. For instance, while hypertension is a notable risk factor for stroke, migraine with aura presents a unique interplay between neurological symptoms and hormonal factors that specifically heightens stroke risk in these scenarios. Atrial fibrillation is primarily linked to stroke due to its potential for forming emboli, yet in the context of OCP usage, the combined risk from migraines poses a more immediate concern primarily for women experiencing these types of