Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

What is a common treatment option for Parkinson's disease that can also be used in restless leg syndrome?

1. Amantadine

2. Levodopa

3. Dopamine agonists

4. MAO-B inhibitors

The correct answer is: Dopamine agonists

Dopamine agonists are indeed a common treatment option for both Parkinson's disease and restless leg syndrome. These medications mimic the action of dopamine in the brain, which is particularly beneficial in managing the symptoms associated with these conditions. In Parkinson's disease, there is a deficiency of dopamine due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons; dopamine agonists help alleviate motor symptoms such as tremors and rigidity by stimulating the dopamine receptors. Similarly, in restless leg syndrome, dopamine agonists can effectively reduce the urge to move the legs and improve the associated discomfort, providing relief to patients. This dual effectiveness makes dopamine agonists a versatile option in the treatment of both disorders, enhancing quality of life for individuals suffering from these conditions. In contrast, other options like Amantadine, Levodopa, and MAO-B inhibitors have more specific applications or effects. For instance, Levodopa is primarily the most effective treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease specifically but is not typically used for restless leg syndrome. Amantadine is used mainly for Parkinson's disease and has limited use in restless leg syndrome. MAO-B inhibitors also target Parkinson's disease but do not have the same regulatory role in treating restless leg syndrome. Therefore, dopamine agonists stand out as