Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

What is the characteristic of a Spigelian hernia?

1. Rates high in incidence.

2. Commonly occurs in females.

3. Is found lateral to the rectus abdominis.

4. Is characterized by significant pain.

The correct answer is: Is found lateral to the rectus abdominis.

A Spigelian hernia is defined by its anatomical location, occurring through a defect in the Spigelian fascia, which is situated lateral to the rectus abdominis muscle. This hernia is typically found in the lower abdominal wall, specifically between the rectus abdominis and the lateral muscles. Its unique positioning makes it less common than other types of abdominal wall hernias but critical to recognize clinically. Understanding the anatomical aspect is vital because it influences both diagnosis and surgical approach. The hernia's lateral location can lead to confusion in identification, especially in patients presenting with abdominal discomfort. Recognizing that it is lateral to the rectus abdominis assists healthcare providers in differentiating it from other hernias, which may present more medially. While this hernia can occur in both genders, the incidence is not high, and pain is variable. Thus, it is essential to focus on its characteristic location rather than solely its demographics or typical pain presentation when discussing Spigelian hernias.