Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

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What is the infection of the lacrimal sac known as?

Blepharitis
Ectropion
Dacryocystitis
Conjunctivitis

The correct answer is: Dacryocystitis

The infection of the lacrimal sac is known as dacryocystitis. This condition typically arises from blockage or obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct, which can lead to inflammation and infection of the lacrimal sac. The symptoms include swelling in the area of the sac, redness, pain, and sometimes drainage of pus. Understanding the anatomy and function of the lacrimal system is vital in recognizing this condition. The lacrimal sac stores tears that flow from the eye before they are drained into the nasal cavity, and any disruption in this system can lead to infections. Unlike conditions such as blepharitis, which affects the eyelids, or conjunctivitis, which involves inflammation of the conjunctiva, dacryocystitis is specifically an issue within the lacrimal system. Ectropion refers to the eversion of the eyelid, not an infection, thus further differentiating these terms.