Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

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What is the normal PCO2 range in kPa?

4.0-5.3
3.5-4.5
4.5-6.0
5.0-6.5

The correct answer is: 4.5-6.0

The normal range of arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PCO2) is approximately 4.5 to 6.0 kPa. This range reflects the balance that occurs in the body between the production of carbon dioxide during metabolism and its removal through respiration. Maintaining PCO2 within this range is essential for the regulation of blood pH and overall respiratory function. When PCO2 levels are within this range, it indicates that the respiratory system is effectively managing the levels of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream, which is crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Values that fall below this range could indicate hyperventilation or other respiratory issues, while values above could suggest hypoventilation or respiratory depression. Each of these conditions can lead to significant physiological disturbances, emphasizing the importance of understanding the normal PCO2 levels for diagnosis and management in clinical settings.