Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

What is the recommended treatment approach for gallstones located in the gallbladder?

1. Surgical removal of the gallbladder

2. Dietary changes

3. Nothing

4. Medication therapy

The correct answer is: Nothing

The recommended treatment approach for gallstones located in the gallbladder generally involves observation, especially if the patient is asymptomatic. This is because many individuals with gallstones do not experience any symptoms, and their presence does not always necessitate immediate intervention. The concept of "watchful waiting" is applied in these cases, where the condition is monitored without immediate treatment unless symptoms develop. Surgical removal of the gallbladder, known as cholecystectomy, is typically reserved for symptomatic patients or those who have complications arising from gallstones, such as cholecystitis or pancreatitis. Dietary changes can help manage symptoms in some cases, but they do not treat the gallstones themselves. Medication therapy may be used in specific situations, such as for patients who cannot undergo surgery, but it is not a standard treatment for this condition. Thus, for asymptomatic individuals, a strategy of doing nothing and monitoring is a common and appropriate approach.