Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

What is the standard treatment for DVT in pregnant women?

1. Warfarin

2. Unfractionated heparin

3. LMWH

4. Direct oral anticoagulants

The correct answer is: LMWH

The standard treatment for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in pregnant women is low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). LMWH is preferred due to its safety profile and efficacy in preventing thromboembolic complications during pregnancy. During pregnancy, women are at increased risk for DVT due to physiological changes, and effective treatment is crucial to prevent complications such as pulmonary embolism. LMWH, like enoxaparin, does not cross the placenta and is associated with a lower risk of major bleeding and adverse effects compared to other anticoagulants. Unfractionated heparin is sometimes used, especially in cases requiring rapid reversal, but it is not the standard choice due to its more complicated administration and monitoring requirements. Warfarin is contraindicated during pregnancy because it crosses the placenta and can cause teratogenic effects. Direct oral anticoagulants are also not recommended in pregnancy due to limited safety data and potential risks to the fetus.