Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

What might indicate that a patient is experiencing depression during a mental exam?

1. Difficulty concentrating

2. Excessive energy

3. Rapid speech

4. Emotional flatness

The correct answer is: Difficulty concentrating

During a mental exam, difficulty concentrating is a key indicator that a patient may be experiencing depression. This symptom reflects cognitive impairments commonly associated with mood disorders, where the individual may find it challenging to focus on tasks, engage in conversations, or remember information. These cognitive difficulties often stem from the pervasive sadness and lack of motivation that accompany depression, leading to an overall decline in functioning. While excessive energy, rapid speech, and emotional flatness can be observed in various psychological conditions, they are not definitive indicators of depression. Excessive energy and rapid speech, for instance, might suggest mania or hypomania, which are more characteristic of bipolar disorder. Emotional flatness can indicate a range of issues, including but not limited to depression, as it may also be seen in schizophrenia or severe anxiety disorders. However, difficulty concentrating is specifically associated with depressive states, making it a strong indicator during a mental health evaluation.