Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

What typically follows a 3-5 day high fever in roseola infantum?

1. A maculopapular rash on the face

2. A maculopapular rash that starts on the chest

3. A vesicular rash on the limbs

4. A petechial rash on the abdomen

The correct answer is: A maculopapular rash that starts on the chest

In cases of roseola infantum, also known as sixth disease, the clinical course typically involves a sudden onset of a high fever lasting for 3 to 5 days, often reaching high temperatures that can lead to febrile seizures in some children. After this fever subsides, a characteristic maculopapular rash appears on the skin. The rash usually starts on the trunk, often described as beginning on the chest or back, and then spreads to the face and limbs. This progression is significant as it differentiates roseola from other viral exanthems. The rash is pink and may blanch upon pressure. While other types of rashes may be considered in different contexts, the specific sequence of roseola infantum with fever followed by a maculopapular rash originating on the chest is a distinguishing feature of this illness.