Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

Which medication is commonly prescribed for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma?

1. Latanoprost

2. Timolol

3. Acetazolamide

4. Brimonidine

The correct answer is: Latanoprost

Latanoprost is commonly prescribed for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma as it is a prostaglandin analog that effectively reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor from the eye. This reduction in IOP is crucial for managing glaucoma and preventing further damage to the optic nerve. Latanoprost is often favored because it has a favorable dosing schedule, typically requiring only once-daily administration. While Timolol is also used effectively to lower IOP in patients with glaucoma through its beta-adrenergic blocking action, it may have systemic side effects that limit its use in some patients. Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used more in acute situations or when medication adherence is an issue, as it is usually not a first-line treatment due to its side effects and the need for multiple daily doses. Brimonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, is another option for reducing IOP but may be used as an adjunct therapy rather than as a primary treatment. Latanoprost remains a first-line agent in managing open-angle glaucoma due to its efficacy and relative safety profile.