Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

Which medication is commonly used to treat osteoporosis?

1. Alendronate

2. Risedronate

3. Calcitonin

4. Estrogen

The correct answer is: Alendronate

Alendronate is a bisphosphonate medication widely used as a first-line treatment for osteoporosis. It works by inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, leading to an increase in bone mineral density and a reduction in the risk of fractures. This mechanism is particularly beneficial for individuals at risk of developing osteoporosis or those who already have it, as it directly targets the underlying process of bone loss. Other options like Risedronate also treat osteoporosis but aren't as commonly used as Alendronate. Calcitonin, while helpful for osteoporosis treatment, is generally considered a secondary option. Estrogen can have a protective effect on bone density, but its use for osteoporosis has declined due to potential risks associated with hormone replacement therapy. Alendronate's efficacy and established role in osteoporosis management make it a standard choice in practice.