Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

Which medication is commonly used for treating ulcerative colitis?

1. Prednisone

2. Metronidazole

3. Sulfasalazine

4. Azathioprine

The correct answer is: Sulfasalazine

Sulfasalazine is commonly used to treat ulcerative colitis due to its anti-inflammatory properties. It is a 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) compound that works by localizing action at the site of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. By inhibiting inflammatory mediators, it helps reduce the symptoms associated with ulcerative colitis, such as diarrhea and abdominal pain, while promoting healing of the intestinal mucosa. This medication is particularly effective for inducing and maintaining remission in mild to moderate cases of ulcerative colitis. It is often one of the first-line treatments prescribed due to its effectiveness and relatively favorable side effect profile compared to other immunosuppressive agents. The other medications listed can also play roles in the management of ulcerative colitis, but they are not as commonly first-line treatments directly targeting the underlying inflammation associated with this condition. Prednisone, for example, is a corticosteroid that may be used for severe cases but carries a risk of significant side effects with long-term use. Metronidazole is an antibiotic that may be used as an adjunct therapy in specific situations, such as for bacterial infections or in pouchitis after surgical procedures. Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive medication that is typically