Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

Which medication is typically prescribed for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis?

1. Amoxicillin 500 mg for 3 days

2. Metronidazole 400 mg for 5 days

3. Clindamycin 300 mg for 7 days

4. Ciprofloxacin 500 mg for 3 days

The correct answer is: Metronidazole 400 mg for 5 days

Metronidazole is commonly prescribed for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis due to its effectiveness against the anaerobic bacteria that typically cause the condition. The standard dosage of 400 mg taken for 5 days is supported by clinical guidelines, which recommend this regimen for its ability to effectively reduce symptoms and eliminate the causative organisms. Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by an imbalance of normal vaginal flora, leading to overgrowth of certain bacteria. Metronidazole works by targeting and eliminating these anaerobic bacteria, restoring a healthy balance. While other antibiotics may be effective for different infections, they are not typically the first line of treatment for bacterial vaginosis. For instance, amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin are primarily used for other types of bacterial infections and do not effectively address the specific bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis. Clindamycin can be used, but it is generally reserved for cases where metronidazole is ineffective or contraindicated. Overall, the tailored approach of using metronidazole at the correct dosage and duration makes it the preferred choice for treating bacterial vaginosis.