Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

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Which of the following medications is used for improving gastric emptying?

Simethicone
Metoclopramide
Diphenhydramine
Cimetidine

The correct answer is: Metoclopramide

Metoclopramide is well-known for its role in enhancing gastric motility and improving gastric emptying. It acts as a prokinetic agent, which means it accelerates the movement of food and liquids through the stomach and into the intestine. This medication works by blocking certain receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, promoting muscle contractions in the stomach and aiding the passage of food, which can be particularly beneficial in conditions like gastroparesis. In contrast, simethicone is primarily used as an anti-foaming agent to relieve bloating and discomfort caused by excess gas, not for enhancing gastric emptying. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine utilized for allergy relief and as a sedative, and does not directly influence gastric motility. Cimetidine is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist that reduces stomach acid production and is used in conditions like peptic ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease, but it does not assist in improving gastric emptying. Thus, metoclopramide is the medication specifically indicated for improving gastric emptying, making it the appropriate choice among the options.