Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

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Which of the following vaccines is not a live vaccine?

Rotavirus
BCG
Oral Polio
Influenza

The correct answer is: Influenza

The correct choice is based on the understanding of what constitutes a live vaccine. A live vaccine utilizes a weakened (attenuated) form of the virus or bacteria it is designed to protect against, which stimulates a robust immune response without causing the disease in healthy individuals. In this context, the influenza vaccine inactivated or subunit form does not use a live (attenuated) virus. Instead, it contains killed virus or just parts of the virus (such as proteins), which means it cannot replicate in the body. This characteristic distinguishes it from the other vaccines listed. Rotavirus, BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin), and oral polio vaccines are indeed live vaccines. The rotavirus vaccine uses live attenuated virus strains, BCG uses a live attenuated form of Mycobacterium bovis, and the oral polio vaccine consists of live attenuated poliovirus. Therefore, understanding the distinction between live and non-live vaccines is crucial in accurately selecting the answer.