Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

Which skin condition is typically associated with inflammation and painful lesions around the face?

1. Eczema herpeticum

2. Pityriasis rosea

3. Granuloma annulare

4. Seborrhoeic dermatitis

The correct answer is: Eczema herpeticum

Eczema herpeticum is characterized by painful, vesicular lesions that commonly occur on the face, especially in individuals who have prior eczema. This condition arises when the herpes simplex virus infects areas of skin that are already inflamed due to eczema. These lesions are typically red, swollen, and may ooze, causing significant discomfort. The presence of inflammation and the painful nature of the lesions are key features that distinguish eczema herpeticum from other skin conditions. In contrast, pityriasis rosea often presents with a herald patch and a subsequent rash that is usually not painful and is primarily itchy. Granuloma annulare features annular plaques that are typically asymptomatic and occur in various body areas, but they are not characteristically painful or inflamed like eczema herpeticum. Seborrhoeic dermatitis leads to scaly, itchy patches, primarily in areas rich in oil glands, but it doesn’t typically result in the painful vesicular lesions seen in eczema herpeticum. Understanding these distinctions helps in recognizing eczema herpeticum's specific association with inflammation and pain, especially around the facial region.