Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

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Which tuberculosis medication can lead to the development of gout?

Isoniazid
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Pyrazinamide

The correct answer is: Pyrazinamide

Pyrazinamide is the tuberculosis medication associated with the development of gout. This occurs because pyrazinamide can increase uric acid levels in the blood, a condition known as hyperuricemia. When uric acid levels rise, they can lead to the formation of crystals in the joints, which is characteristic of gout. This condition is particularly relevant when managing patients who may have a history of gout or hyperuricemia, as they may experience exacerbations of their symptoms during pyrazinamide therapy. Understanding the mechanisms of pyrazinamide helps healthcare professionals monitor and manage potential side effects effectively. While other medications listed may have different side effects or interactions, they do not contribute significantly to increased uric acid levels and, consequently, do not facilitate the development of gout.